Advaita Vedanta scholars considered six means of valid knowledge and to truths: Pratyaká¹£a (perception), Anumāṇa (inference), Upamāṇa (comparison and analogy), Arthāpatti (postulation), Anupalabdi (non-perception, cognitive proof) and Śabda (word, testimony of past or present reliable experts). the ear), just. Free kindle book and epub digitized and proofread by Project Gutenberg. ISBN 81-7650-190-5. Ethics and Morals : Charvakas rejected the need for ethics or morals, and suggested that "while life remains, let a man live happily, let him feed on ghee even though he runs in debt". None can escape Death's searching eye: plus-circle Add Review. In the epic Mahabharata, Book 12 Chapter 39, a villain who dresses up like a scholar, self appoints himself as spokesperson for all scholars, and who then advises Yudhishthira to act unethically, is named Charvaka. The Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha by Madhava Acharya, E.B. Vidyaranya (IAST: Vidyāraṇya) is variously known as a kingmaker, patron saint and high priest to Harihara I and Bukka Raya I, the founders of the Vijayanagara Empire.He was the 12th Jagadguru of the Śringeri Śarada PÄ«tham from 1380-1386.. Vidyaranya helped the brothers establish the empire sometime in 1336. Chaturpata, Atharvan Ved 's, Religious Spiritual Books Library Section, 06 six Dharshan Shastra such as Purva Mimasa Karma Sutras of Jeimini, Utter Mimansa Bramha Sutrs of Ved Vayasha, Brahma Samhita, Vedant Darshan, Brahma Sutras, Nyaya Darshan shastras, Vaisheshika Darshan Shastra, Sankhaya Darshan, Yog Darshan Shastras of Patanjali etc. Sarva-Darsana Sangraha of Madhava Acharya: Review of Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy. Read The Sarva-Darsana-Sangraha of Madhava Acharya or Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy book reviews & author details and more at Amazon.in. Genre/Form: Bibliographies Bibliography Bibliographie: Additional Physical Format: Online version: Plott, John C. Sarva--Darśana--Sangraha. The earliest documented Charvaka scholar in India is Ajita Kesakambali. ISBN 81-703-0875-5 . (2.108.17)". On state craft, Charvakas believe, states Mubarak, that it is best when "knowledge of just administration and benevolent government" is practiced. The theory of action cannot be proved. Condensed by Mahamahopadhyaya Sri R V Krishnamachariar, it retains some of the best picturesque descriptions of the great poet, while also pruning out enough to ensure that the story moves at a faster pace. There are no reviews yet. 30 (6). Sarva-darsana-sangraha of Madhavacharya. ed.). Gough (Apr 3, 2013) Sarva Gita Sara/2012 Edition by Swami Sivananda (Dec 1, 2012) The Sarva-Darsana-Sangraha of Madhava Acharya or Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy by E.B. Hindu inggih punika silih sinunggil agama sané wénten ring jagat guminé. The Charvaka school considers perception as the only reliable source of knowledge. The other schools of Hinduism developed and accepted multiple valid forms of pramāṇas. The Charvakas pointed out the disagreements, debates and mutual rejection by karmakanda Vedic priests and jñānakanda Vedic priests, as proof that either one of them is wrong or both are wrong, as both cannot be right. These sutras predate 150 BC, because they are mentioned in the Mahābhāṣya (7.3.45). p. 503. 75, No. 218 THE SARVA-DARSANA-SANGRAHA. This seems to be none else but Brhaspati Sütra. Star Publications (P) Ltd, Delhi. Lokayata in Ancient India and China a paper by Rasik Vihari Joshi outlines the three other references to prove that Buddhist literature was also fully familar with Lokäyata. Free delivery on qualified orders. We build and maintain all our own systems, but we don’t charge for access, sell user information, or run ads. Lokäyatika as wicked doctrine. After invoking, in the Prologue of the book, the Hindu gods Shiva and Vishnu ("by whom the earth and rest were produced"), Vidyāraṇya asks, in the first chapter: ""but how can we attribute to the Divine Being the giving of supreme felicity, when such a notion has been utterly abolished by Charvaka, the crest-gem of the atheistic school, the follower of the doctrine of Brihaspati? Eighth Reprint Edition. Epic India, Or, India as Described in the Mahabharata and the Ramayana. 200–350 CE) mentions Lokayata, where it is listed among subjects of study, and with the sense of "technical logical science". Ramkrishna Bhattacharya (2010), What the Cārvākas Originally Meant?, Journal of Bharat's Philosophy, 38(6), D Chatterjee (1977), Skepticism and Bharat's philosophy, Philosophy East and West, 27(2), Original Sanskrit version:Sarva-darsana-sangraha; English version: The Charvaka System with commentary by Madhava Acharya, Translators: Cowell and Gough (1882). In 2020 the Internet Archive has seen unprecedented use—and we need your help. … Vedic tenets lay down dharma as applicable to a different people in different walks of life. Agama Hindu kadadosang agama sané pinih tua sané wénten ngantos mangkin. KādambarÄ« Sangraha (Part 1) Kadambarisangraha – is a condensed version of the great prose work Kadambari by Banabhatta. HaribhadrasÅ«ri (Translator: M Jain, 1989), Saddarsanasamuccaya, Asiatic Society, OCLC 255495691, CV Vaidya (2001). Journal of Bharat's Philosophy. Star Publications (P) Ltd, Delhi. Give precedence to that which meets the eye and turn your back on what is beyond our knowledge. Right now we’re getting over 1.5 million daily unique visitors and storing more than 70 petabytes of data. However, the representation of the Charvaka thought in these works is not always firmly grounded in first-hand knowledge of Charvaka texts and should be viewed critically. atom) is due to the inherent potentiality of matter itself and thus denied the necessity of accepting any super-natural agency such as God to account for creation. The primary literature of Charvaka, such as the Brhaspati Sutra is missing or lost. To Charvakas, Pratyaká¹£a (perception) was the one valid way to knowledge and other means of knowledge were either always conditional or invalid. No independent works on Charvaka philosophy can be found except for a few sÅ«tras composed by Brihaspati. They were critical of the Vedas, as well as Buddhist scriptures. Instead, we rely on individual generosity to fund our infrastructure; we're powered by donations averaging $32. Srikantha Murthy Astanga Hridaya Sutra Sthan. All men are equal. (...) Two things are therefore clear that the Brihaspatya tenets also called Charvaka tenets are of a very old standing..."# Ramkrishna Bhattacharya (2013), The base text and its commentaries: Problem of representing and understanding the Charvaka / Lokayata, Argument: Biannual Philosophical Journal, Issue 1, Volume 3, A. K. Sinha (1994), Traces of Materialism in Early Vedic Thought: A Study, Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Vol. Since consciousness is connected only with body, body itself is soul. Astanga Hrdayam - 3 Volumes by K. Srikantha Murthy. Shanti Parva, Chapter XXXIX The Mahabharata, KM Ganguli (Translator), Satischandra Chatterjee and Dhirendramohan Datta. Tarka-Sangraha is a treatise in Sanskrit giving a foundational exposition of the ancient Indian system of logic and reasoning. Original Sanskrit version:Sarva-darsana-sangraha; English version: The Charvaka System with commentary by Madhava Acharya, Translators: Cowell and Gough (1882) Joshi, Dinkar. Who knows that good and bad actions result in happiness and unhappiness ? Sarvadars'ana Sangraha: Or An Epitome Of The Different Systems Of Indian Philosophy (1858) (Russian Edition) [Madhava, Madhava, Bidyasagara, ?svaracandra] on Amazon.com. There is no result of good or bad actions. Therefore, Charvakas denied metaphysical concepts like reincarnation, an extracorporeal soul, the efficacy of religious rites, other worlds (heaven and hell), fate and accumulation of merit or demerit through the performance of certain actions. Several references to Lokãyata are available in the oldest texts of Jain and Buddhist literature. Lokãyata was the oldest heterodox system in India and certainly pre-Jain and pre-Buddhistic. quality belonging to an organ of sense l (sc. Supernatural Causes : Charvakas also rejected the use of supernatural causes to describe natural phenomena. Shatdarshan Samuchay and Sarvadarśanasaṅ̇graha of Vidyaranya are a few other works which elucidate Charvaka thought. A commentary on all the 16 major philosophical schools of thought prevalent in ancient India from atheism to advait vedanta. The Sarva-Darsana-Sangraha of Madhavacharya by E. B. Cowell /A. Glimpses of Bharat's Culture. All beings are created by male and female sexes. The Sarva-darsana-siddhanta-san-graha, also known as Sarva-siddhanta-sangraha, ascribed to the great Advaita teacher Shankaracharya, is a versified epitome of the basic tenets of the major schools of Indian Philosophy-both theistic and atheistic. An Introduction to Bharat's Philosophy. The Upãnga literature is equally important in Jainism. Amazon.in - Buy The Sarva-Darsana-Sangraha of Madhava Acharya or Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy book online at best prices in india on Amazon.in. ISBN 0-691-01958-4. Charvakas hold that Matter is the only reality and believe that matter has always existed and will always exist. Comparison with other schools of Hinduism, https://dharmawiki.org/index.php?title=Charvaka_Darshana_(चार्वाकदर्शनम्)&oldid=124034. Matter itself is the basis of consciousness. Rated based on 15 10 Mar Very useful for Sanskrit students and teachers. To them all natural phenomena was produced spontaneously from the inherent nature of things. individual thing is put forward as that which is primarily. Hence all are equal. on June 7, 2011. Lokãyata declared that there was no milk in the veins of a Brahmin and blood only in a Südra. The arguments and reasoning approach Charvakas deployed were significant that they continued to be referred to, even after all the authentic Charvaka/Lokāyata texts had been lost. Matter is both the material and efficient cause of the universe. Quote: These atheistical doctrines existed from the earliest times as their traces are visible even in the Rigveda in some hymns of which Prof Max Muller pointed out the curious traces of an incipient scepticism. Your privacy is important to us. If we Profuse references are preserved in the Chinese versions of Buddhist writings. In the doctrine of Vyadi, who maintained that words. In the Räyapasenaiya-sütra, Mahãvlra narrates a story of an ancient king Paesi ( Pradesï ) of Kekaya Pradesa who was unrighteousness personified. Reviews There are no reviews yet. In the context of spiritual philosophy darsana means a worldvision, a view or window to the true nature of the world. (Radhakrishnan 1957, pp. New Delhi: People's Publishing House. p. 27. Kegan Paul, Trench, and Trubner, London, 1914. The terms Lokayata and Brhaspatya have been used interchangeably for the Charvaka philosophy of materialism. Its philosophy embraces philosophical skepticism and rejects Vedas, Vedic ritualism and supernaturalism. The Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha or Review of the different systems of Hindu philosophy by Mādhava. 20. Retrieved 27 July 2012. Tarka-Sangraha Last updated February 02, 2020. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. He notes that Charvakas considered paradise as "the state in which man lives as he chooses, without control of another", while hell as "the state in which he lives subject to another's rule". Charvakas, believe that truth can be known only through the sense organs. Arrive at a conclusion, therefore, that there is nothing beyond this Universe. Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli and Moore, Charles (1957). The tenets of the Charvaka atheistic doctrines can be traced to the relatively later composed layers of the Rigveda, while substantial discussions on the Charvaka is found in post-Vedic literature. Glimpses of Bharat's Culture. Asian Educational Services. Brill, 1969 Who knows for certain that next birth and next world exist ? Sensory experience is the only valid source of knowledge. There was a base text, a collection sÅ«tras or aphorisms and several commentaries were written to explicate the aphorisms. Shastras in English, Hindi, Marathi, Sanskrit … Similar To ashtanga hridaya.. It is declared that motion in matter (i.e. Only this perceptible world is real, rest is unreal. "Cārvāka Fragments: A New Collection". (University of Calcutta: 1984), Bhatta, Jayarashi. Charvaka holds direct perception, empiricism, and conditional inference as proper sources of knowledge, embraces philosophical skepticism and rejects Vedas, Vedic ritualism, and … Bhattacharya points out that multiple manuscripts are inconsistent, with key passages alleging hedonism and immorality missing in many manuscripts of the same text. These refutations are indirect sources of Charvaka philosophy. Cowell and A.E. Tattvopaplavasimha (Status as a Carvaka text disputed), Bhattacharya, Ramakrishna (2002). Bhattacharya states that the claims against Charvaka of hedonism, lack of any morality and ethics and disregard for adhyatmikity is from texts of competing religious philosophies (Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism), Its primary sources, along with commentaries by Charvaka scholars is missing or lost. िकी, literally, examining by reason, logical philosophies) – Yoga, Samkhya and Lokāyata. Although materialist schools existed before Charvaka, it was the only school which systematised materialist philosophy by setting them down in the form of aphorisms in the 6th century BC. N. V. Isaeva (1 January 1993). The Sarva Darsana Samgraha book. When the COVID-19 pandemic hit, our bandwidth demand skyrocketed. Cowell, A.E. Social equality is the supreme philosophy. As regards Moksha, it remarked that death is the only liberation-. ISBN 978-81-206-1564-9. References to Lokãyata have been preserved in several Chinese writings also. Charvaka (IAST: Cārvāka), originally known as Lokāyata and Bṛhaspatya, is the ancient school of Indian materialism. Items 1 - 15 of 27 The Best Sanskrit Literature Books Buy On GIRI Online Store at Best Price - donkeytime.org . The Chinese Buddhist Dictionary entitled Yi-Qie-Jin-Yin-yi by Hui Lin translates M Lu-kã-ye-ti-kã " i.e. Retrieved 31 December 2013. p. 1. Thus, to Charvakas, the step which the mind takes from the knowledge of something to infer the knowledge of something else could be accounted for by its being based on a former perception or by its being in error. Buddhists, Jains, Advaita Vedantins and Nyāya philosophers considered the Charvakas as one of their opponents and tried to refute their views. The discussion between Paesi and Kesisramana, a follower of Parsvanatha, testifies that even before Mahavira, during the period of Parsvanatha, the materialistic philosophy of Lokayata (Nastika vada) was popular in ancient India. Nature alone is responsible for all happenings without any God. E. Gough. Summary: The Sarva-darsana-samgraha (English translation) of Madhava Acharya is a compendium of different philosophical schools of Hindu thought and Pancadasi, an important text in the Advaita Vedanta tradition. A critical survey of Bharat's philosophy (Reprinted. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. 1/4. Pramanas : Charvaka epistemology represents minimalist pramāṇas in Hindu philosophy. Gough, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). There is no purity or superiority of caste. Gokhale, Pradeep P. The Cārvāka Theory of Pramāṇas: A Restatement, Philosophy East and West (1993). as colour is to the eye." However, the authors of these works were thoroughly opposed to materialism and tried to portray the Charvaka in unfavourable light. When once this frame of ours they burn. P. 37. We do not sell or trade your information with anyone. ", doi:10.1111/j.1467-9744.2012.01274.x. P. 37. As can be seen from the following quotations, Madhvacharya and Madhavacharya belonged … Mind and body are unified. Kruna Hindu mawit saking kruna Sindhu saking Basa Sanskerta, inggih punika wastan silih sinunggil tukad sané magenah ring Subbenua India. We daily experience that papi (पापी) persons prosper and enjoy in this world. They also regard heaven and hell as non-existent as they are not perceivable. World is self -existent. Be the first one to write a review. This philosophy rejects the concept of gods and souls, as they are beyond perceptual experience. Traditionally darsana is defined as one that envisions the true nature of of the world (samsara), the cause of binding ( mula karana) and the path to liberation of self (nishreyasa). A Source Book in Bharat's Philosophy. Charvaka holds direct perception as proper sources of knowledge hence they rule out ‘inference’ and ‘testimony’ as the source and criterion of knowledge. The work is authored by Annambhatta and the author himself has given a detailed commentary, called Tarka-Sangraha … 194 THE SARVA-DARSANA-SANGRAHA. Leiden, E.J. This reliance on indirect sources raises the question of reliability and whether there was a bias and exaggeration in representing the views of Charvakas. To Charvakas, the text states, the Vedas suffered from several faults – errors in transmission across generations, untruth, self-contradiction and tautology. Asthanga Hridayam means the essence or heart of the eight limbs.. Ashtanga Hridaya are included under Vrihattrayi. Delhi. 187, 227–234); V.V. Cowell and A.E. Sarva-darsana-sangraha of Madhavacharya. Sharma, Chandradhar (1987). Shankara and Bharat's Philosophy. Sarvadars'ana Sangraha: Or An Epitome Of The Different Systems Of Indian Philosophy (1858) (Russian Edition) ISBN 81-7650-190-5. It contains all that which is required to know as to the fundamental principles of different systems of Hindu philosophical thought. The efforts of Charvaka are indeed hard to be eradicated, for the majority of living beings hold by the current refrain: While life is yours, live joyously; Ain-i-Akbari, a record of the Mughal Emperor Akbar's court, mentions a symposium of philosophers of all faiths held in 1578 at Akbar's insistence. C. Consciousness is produced by the combination of elements. meant individual things [and not classes or genera], the. Charvaka was a living philosophy up to the 12th century in India's historical timeline, after which this system seems to have disappeared without leaving any trace. Therefore, their works should only be accepted critically. This epistemological proposition of Charvakas was influential among various schools of in Bharat's philosophies, by demonstrating a new way of thinking and re-evaluation of past doctrines. Raman (2012), Hinduism and Science: Some Reflections, Zygon - Journal of Religion and Science, 47(3): "Aside from nontheistic schools like the Samkhya, there have also been explicitly atheistic schools in the Hindu tradition. K.R. Chattopadhyaya, Debiprasad (1992). Posted on November 25, 2009 by bharateeya. One virulently anti-supernatural system is/was the so-called Charvaka school. Salunkhe, A. H. Aastikashiromani Chaarvaaka (in Marathi). Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article. Body is life. yika] treatise by Vag&wara, entitled Mdna-manohara," sound is non-eternal from the fact of its being a special. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. See what's new with book lending at the Internet Archive. 0 Ratings 0 Want to read; 0 Currently reading; 0 Have read; This edition published in 1882 by Trübner in London. The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha, by Madhava Acharya This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. It is interesting to note that Dasa-bhumi-vibhãsã-sãstra translated into Chinese in the latter half of Chin Dynasty during 384-417 A. D. refers to Lokäyatika as Lu-ka- ye-jin " i. e. Lokãyata Sütra. Saraswat Sevak Madhavacharya, the 13th & 14th-century Vedantic philosopher from South India starts his famous work The Sarva-darsana-sangraha with a chapter on the Cārvāka system with the intention of refuting it. Be the first one to, Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha by Madhavacharya (Vidyaranya Swami) - tr by E.B.Cowell, Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha.by.Madhavacharya-Vidyaranya.tr.by.E.B.Cowell, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, Madhavacharya (Vidyaranya Swami), E.B. Cases where inference was justified by the result were seen only to be mere coincidences. Digital Rare Book : Sarva Darsana Samgraha or Review of Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy By Madhava Acharya Translated by E.B. We can also refute it in the following ways : (a.) So long there is body, there is soul; when body is destroyed soul is also destroyed. Its theories and development has been compiled from historic secondary literature such as those found in the shastras (such as the Arthashastra), sutras and the epics (the Mahabharata and Ramayana) of Hinduism as well as from the dialogues of Gautama Buddha and Jain literature. New Delhi: Indian Books Centre /Sri Satguru Publications. One of the widely studied references to the Charvaka philosophy is the Sarva-darśana-saṅgraha (etymologically all-philosophy-collection), a famous work of 14th century Advaita Vedanta philosopher Mādhava Vidyāraṇya from South India, which starts with a chapter on the Charvaka system. Madhavacharya, the monist , authored it. This page was last edited on 12 March 2020, at 22:35. The 8th century Tattvopaplavasimha of Jayarāśi Bhaá¹­á¹­a with Madhyamaka influence is a significant source of Charvaka philosophy. Rs vadhyar and sons sanskrit books R S Vadhyar And Sons in Kalpathy, Palakkad is a top company in the category Book Publishers, also known for Hindi Book Publishers and much more. Its methodology of skepticism is included in the Ramayana, Ayodhya kanda, chapter 108, where Jabāli tries to persuade Rāma to accept the kingdom by using nāstika arguments (Rāma refutes him in chapter 109): "O, the highly wise! Sanskrit poems and plays like the Naiá¹£adha-carita, Prabodha-candrodaya, Āgama-dambara, Vidvanmoda-taraṅgiṇī and KādambarÄ« contain representations of the Charvaka thought. In 8th century CE Jaina literature, Saddarsanasamuccaya by Haribhadra, Lokayata is stated to be the Hindu school where there is "no God, no samsara (rebirth), no karma, no duty, no fruits of merit, no papa." Source 2: ashtanga hridaya in english. The Sütra-krtanga and the Bhagavati Sütra ( V Section ) of Jain literature, and the Samanna-phala-sutra , the Mahãvibhãsã-sãstra , the Mahâyâna-nirvâna sutra and the Lankävatära-sütra of Buddhist literature contain valuable information regarding Lokãyata. Hindu, Buddhist and Jain scholars extensively deployed Charvaka insights on inference in rational re-examination of their own theories. There is no eternal soul apart from body. The Brahma- Jäla-Sütra and the Mätangi-Sütra give ample evidence that the followers of Lokãyata contributed a lot to the development of secular sciences such as medicine, astronomy and agronomy. Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha.by.Madhavacharya-Vidyaranya.tr.by.E.B.Cowell Identifier-ark ark:/13960/t5m913t07 Ocr ABBYY FineReader 8.0 Pages 291 Ppi 300 Year 1882 . In Sarva-darsana-sangraha the author successively passes in review the sixteen philosophical systems current in India in 14th century CE, and gives what appeared to him to be their most important tenets, and the principal arguments by which their followers endeavoured to maintain them. Joshi, Dinkar. The word darsana literally means vision. Shantarakshita and Adi Shankara use the word lokayata to mean materialism, with the latter using the term Lokāyata, not Charvaka. "An Assessment of the Millenium" by Amartya Sen. UNESCO Lecture, New Delhi, 1998 comment. Consciousness becomes stronger by rich food and exercise. By submitting, you agree to receive donor-related emails from the Internet Archive. Lokayata: A Study in Ancient Bharat's Materialism (7th ed.). Read reviews from world’s largest community for readers. Princeton University Press. Uploaded by Since memory, feelings, senses and life exist only in body, and not outside the body, they are simply attributes of body. Noun 1. Materialism in India: A Synoptic View. o. Adapted from Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha by Madhava Acharya, translated by E. B. Cowell and A. E. Gough. Shanti Parva, Chapter XXXIX The Mahabharata, KM Ganguli (Translator) SUNY Press. denoted, while the genus is implied [as a characteristic. A review of the different systems of Hindu philosophy by Vidyaranya Swami. Both pamri and 152.163.100.7 are correct; Madhvacharya, the exponent of dvaida-vada did not write Sarva-darsana-sangraha. The Sarva-Dariana-Sathgraha of great Acarya Madhava (14th century) is a very interesting specimen and an unique composition in the realm of Indian philosophical thought. Since the Charvaka admitted only the immediate evidence of the senses, it accepted only four elements (. Sangraha means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. Bhattacharya, Ramkrishna. Metaphysics : Since none of the means of knowing were found to be worthy to establish the invariable connection between middle term and predicate, Charvakas concluded that the inference could not be used to ascertain metaphysical truths. Religion : Charvakas rejected many of the standard religious conceptions of Hindus, Buddhists and Jains, such as afterlife, reincarnation, samsara, karma and religious rites. Darsana synonyms, Darsana pronunciation, Darsana translation, English dictionary definition of Darsana. The Buddhist Sanskrit work Divyavadana (ca. In the text, the Mughal historian Abu'l-Fazl Mubarak summarizes Charvaka philosophy as "unenlightened" and that their literature as "lasting memorials to their ignorance". There is no other life after the death of body. Critics of Vedas : The Sarvadarśanasaṃgraha with commentaries by Madhavacharya describes the Charvakas as critical of Vedas, materialists without morals and ethics. ISBN 81-7007-006-6. ISBN 978-0-7914-1281-7. 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